The Industrial Revolution, beginning in 18th-century Britain, transformed economies across the world. Steam engines, mechanized looms, and iron production revolutionized manufacturing and transportation. Britain became the workshop of the world, exporting goods on an unprecedented scale. However, industrialization also brought urban overcrowding and harsh working conditions. Labor unions and reformers emerged to fight for workers rights. The Industrial Revolution marked humanitys leap from agrarian to industrial society, shaping every economy that followed.
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